Everything about Mps Ii totally explained
Mandarin Phonetic Symbols II (國語注音符號第二式), abbreviated MPS II, is a
romanization system formerly used in the
Republic of China (
Taiwan). It was created to replace the complex tonal-spelling
Gwoyeu Romatzyh, and to co-exist with the popular
Wade-Giles (romanization) and
Zhuyin (non-romanization). MPS2 was abandoned in 2000, officially supplanted by
Tongyong Pinyin. It is sometimes referred to as Gwoyeu Romatzyh 2 or GR2.
History
Based on the earlier and more complex
Gwoyeu Romatzyh, the tentative version of MPS II was released on
May 10,
1984 by the Ministry of Education. After two years of feedback from the general public, the official version was established on
January 28,
1986. To distinguish Zhuyin from the Mandarin Phonetic Symbols II ("Mandarin Zhuyin Symbols II"), the first Zhuyin is officially called "Mandarin Phonetic Symbols I" (國語注音符號第一式).
Despite its official status for over two decades until it was replaced by
Tongyong Pinyin in
2000, MPS II existed only in some
governmental publications (such as travel brochures and
dictionaries). However, MPS II wasn't used for the official Romanized names of Taiwanese places. It never gained the same status as did
Wade-Giles. In mainstream overseas communities, it's virtually unused and unheard of.
Features
Tonal spelling of
Gwoyeu Romatzyh is eliminated, and syllables of all tones are spelled identical (as in Gwoyeu Romatzyh's tone one). And the four
diacritics representing the tones are identical to Zhuyin's.
- The Romanization of the consonants is identical to Gwoyeu Romatzyh's.
- It uses r for both:
- ㄖ (pinyin r), and
- what is written in pinyin as i after zh, ch, sh, r. (Although this use of r has a tonal diacritic on it and is always final.) This use is identical to Yale.
- It uses z for both:
- ㄗ (pinyin z), and
- what is written in pinyin as i after z, c, s. (Although this use of z has a tonal diacritic on it and is always final.) This use is somewhat like Yale.
- The z isn't written after tz (for example, no tzz), however. Tz corresponds to Pinyin zi.
- Like Gwoyeu Romatzyh, -iou, -uen, and -uei are all written out, unlike the Pinyin/Wade -iu, -un, and -ui.
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh's au persists (as opposed to the ao of Pinyin, Wade-Giles, and the later Tongyong Pinyin.)
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh's iu (Pinyin ü) is written as -iu and yu (alone).
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh's -ong is spelled now -ung (like Wade-Giles).
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh's el is spelled now er (like Pinyin).
- Y- and w- are added to or replace i and u (respectively) in ways similar to Gwoyeu Romatzyh and identical to Pinyin.
An example of MPS II: "國語注音符號第二式" is written as
guó-yǔ jù-yīn fú-hàu dì-èr shr̀. Compare with pinyin, which writes it as
guóyǔ zhùyīn fúhào dì'èr shì.
Spaces are generally used in place of
hyphens, except in personal
names, which use hyphens in between the syllables of the
given names.
Further Information
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